Book Review: "The March of Folly" by Barbara Tuchman

The March of Folly: From Troy to Vietnam by Barbara W. Tuchman
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

Based on the current political climate, this book has been in my thoughts. I feel compelled to update my original short review. My first review read: " More pertinent now than ever. Have you ever wondered how powerful governments can make such bad decision? Then this book is for you."

Perhaps an inquiring reader will ask why? Allow me, in my small way, to answer that question.

"The March of Folly" was published in 1984 by Knopf. Barbara Tuchman, the renowned historian and writer, explores a basic failing of governments. She gives this failing a name: Wooden-Headedness. She defines that trait as "the pursuit by governments of policies contrary to their own interests."

Before I go further, I must admit that I am a fan of Barbara Tuchman. That is not the case with some of her contemporaries. The author was often criticized, and this book was no exception. She was a historian and writer, but she was also a woman in an academic world very much dominated by male writers, thinkers, and reviewers. Tuchman was born in 1912, and was active as a writer from 1938-1988. This was an era that did not look all that kindly on female academics. Regardless of these criticisms, she is a two-time Pulitzer Prize winning author.

"The March of Folly" uses four examples to illuminate the principle of Wooden-headedness. Why did the men of Troy bring the Greek horse into the walls of the city? Why did the Renaissance popes ignore the failings of the Catholic church, failings that would lead to the conflagration of the Reformation? Why did King George III alienate, and finally cause to rebel, the American Colonists, thus killing the cash cow of the colonies? And, finally, why did the government of the United States adopt policies during the Vietnam war that brought about exactly the opposite of their stated aims?

I return to the reader's question: "Why should I read this book?" Barbara Tuchman was not only a gifted historian, she was also a gifted writer. Tuchman uses clear, concise prose. Her histories are written in a way that is clearly accessible to non-academic readers. I find her work to be engrossing, captivating, and entertaining. Reading "The March of Folly" is not a slog through the dry annuls of history. Rather, it is an illuminating look at how and why seemingly intelligent leaders can do extraordinarily stupid things.

The longest portion of the book deals with the US involvement in the Vietnam War. Given the times and the context, this was also the most controversial portion of the book, and the one most often criticized. I wills set that aside, even though I believe that history has proven the author's point. When I first read Tuchman's theory on the American Revolution, I found a new view of history that I had never encountered during all the long classes I had sat through. The English King, George III, and his advisors, simply could not see the forest for the trees.

Prior to the American revolution, the American colonies were a cash cow for England. The colonies shipped much-needed raw materials to the Mother Country. The colonies were also a closed market for England's manufactured goods, forced to buy finished products from England. Financially, England could not do better. They made money both ways. The colonists were, for the most part, loyal subjects of the Crown. They did not want a revolution. When the colonists requested representation in the English Parliament, they were rebuked by the Crown. George III took the view that the colonists were wayward children that needed to be disciplined.

There were voices of caution along the road, both in England and the colonies, but the Crown chose to ignore them. The disciplinary measures that the George III invoked would ultimately lead a minority of firebrand colonists to incite a revolt, thus killing the cash cow that England treasured. Tuchman's point is that the road to ruin was not a blind alley without options. There were warning signs, and warning voices, on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Despite all evidence to the contrary, George III and his minions pursued a course of action that achieved exactly the opposite of what they wanted. Why? Therein lies the premise of this book.

I mentioned that this book has recently been in my thoughts. There is good reason for this. I think that if Barbara Tuchman were alive today (Tuchman died 1989) she would be compelled to add new sections to "The March of Folly." One has only to look at the current Brexit debacle, or the state of politics in the United States, to see that Wooden-headedness is very much alive and well amongst the governments of the world. The point of this review is not to take a position on either of these current example of Wooden-headedness, but simply to point out that the trait is thriving amongst the governing forces of our times.

I highly recommend "The March of Folly," as I do the rest of Tuchman's work. She is clear thinker, and a gifted writer. Whether or not one agrees with her premises is a matter of opinion. That a reader of "The march of Folly" will exposed to new and interesting historical perspectives is, I believe, a fact.



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